Scale bars represent 50 mm.įort Member of the Jaisalmer Formation (early–middle Bathonian), Jethwai village, District Jaisalmer, Rajasthan state, western India. c centrum, cpof centropostzygapophyseal fossa, cpol centropostzygapophyseal lamina, lf lateral fossa, lvf lateroventral flange, mk midline keel, na neural arch, nc neural canal, pvf posteroventral fossa, tpol intrapostzygapophyseal lamina. Broken areas and artefacts in grey and pink, respectively. ( j, k) dorsal view, arrowhead indicates passage enclosed by bifid neural arch and ligament scars and striations marked in red and purple, respectively. ( b– k) RWR-241-B, partial vertebra, photographs and line drawings in ( b, c) right lateral view, red line indicates U-shaped ridge demarcating anterior and posterior halves of lateral pneumatic fossa ( d, e) left lateral view ( f, g) ventral view, red line indicates posteriorly bifurcated midline keel and arrow indicates accessory ridge ( h, i) posterior view, arrows and red arrowheads indicate deep bifurcation of neural arch and triangular facets below cotyle, respectively. ( a) RWR-241-A, anterior cotyle in anterior view. This discovery provides new insights into sauropod diversity of the Indian Gondwana, with important implications for the origin and dispersal of Neosauropoda.Ĭervical vertebrae (CV6/8) of Tharosaurus indicus. Fossils were collected from a shale unit situated at the base of the early–middle Bathonian Fort Member 20, 21 and include disarticulated, but associated, specimens of the axial skeleton spread over an area of ~ 25 m 2 (L1–元, Fig. Here we report on the discovery of a new dicraeosaurid from the Jaisalmer Formation, Rajasthan, western India (Fig. No diplodocoid sauropods are yet known from India 18, 19. In India, early-diverging sauropods Barapasaurus and Kotasaurus are known from the Early Jurassic Kota Formation of Pranhita–Godavari Basin, whereas putative Middle Jurassic camarasauromorph remains occur in Kutch 2, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. Amongst the well-known dicraeosaurids are Dicraeosaurus from East Africa and Brachytrachelopan, Amargasaurus, Bajadasaurus, Pilmatueia and Amargatitanis from Argentina 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, Suuwassea, Kaatedocus and Smitanosaurs from USA 12, and Lingwulong from China 13. Dicraeosaurids range in age from the Middle Jurassic–Early Cretaceous and are mostly known from the Gondwanan landmasses of Africa and South America, besides a few Laurasian occurrences in the USA and China 3, 8. Within Sauropoda, Dicraeosauridae represents a clade of small-bodied diplodocoids that are known for their distinctive vertebral morphology with long paired neural spines 4, 5, 6, 7. Sauropods, a speciose group of saurischian dinosaurs that dominated the terrestrial landscapes until the end-Cretaceous 1, 2, are characterized by a small skull, elongated neck and tail, columnar limbs, and a quadrupedal gait 3.
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